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As an example, elements in Group 8A (or VIIIA) all have a full set of eight electrons in the highest-energy orbital, according to chemist William Reusch, on his webpage at Michigan State University (opens in new tab). The columns, or groups, on the periodic table represent the atomic elements that have the same number of valence electrons, or those electrons in the outermost orbital shell.

(Atoms have protons and neutrons in their nucleus, and surrounding that, they have their electrons arranged in orbitals, where an atomic orbital is a math term that describes the location of an electron as well as its wave-like behavior.)įor instance, period 1 includes elements that have one atomic orbital where electrons spin period 2 has two atomic orbitals, period 3 has three and so on up to period 7. Both black and white periodic tables are easy on the eyes on a monitor or phone.The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called periods, where each period number indicates the number of orbitals for the elements in that row, according to Los Alamos National Laboratory (opens in new tab). The white-on-black sort of resembles a photograph negative - pretty cool. Let us know if you encounter any difficulties.Ī black and white version and an interesting white on black version are also available. This is outside our control, but we have found it works well. If this happens, try a different one (for example, try Internet Explorer if Chrome is giving you grief). Sometimes browsers update and cause printing weirdness. The table is optimized to make best use of the space on a regular sheet of paper. Just remember to choose ‘landscape’ and ‘fit to page’ as your printing option. The PDF of this table can be downloaded and printed on a standard 8 1⁄ 2” x 11″ sheet of paper. The element groups are labelled and color-coded, with a key to identify the groups directly below the chart. This table is an updated version of Printable Color Periodic Table Chart. The corrections include revised atomic mass values and better graphic quality. Each cell contains the element’s atomic number, element symbol, element name and atomic mass.

The colors are bright enough to recognize element groups, but not so deep they block the lettering.